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絕緣電阻測試儀是用來測量設備絕緣電阻的專用儀器。按其結構可分為手搖式，晶體管式和數字式；按其電壓等級一般有：100,250,500,1000,2500,5000v和10000v幾種形式，可以根據被試設備的電壓等級進行選用。
絕(jue)緣電阻的結構及工(gong)作原理(li)
1.手搖式(shi)絕(jue)緣電阻測試儀
手搖式絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻表內部結構主要由兩部分組成(cheng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源為(wei)手搖發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機，測(ce)量機構是磁(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)式流(liu)(liu)(liu)比(bi)(bi)計。驅動發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機的(de)轉軸，發出的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓經整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)后加(jia)至(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓回(hui)路(lu)(lu)的(de)兩個并聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)上(shang)。磁(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)比(bi)(bi)計處于不(bu)均勻磁(ci)場中，使指(zhi)針旋轉，指(zhi)針的(de)偏轉與(yu)并聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)比(bi)(bi)值(zhi)有(you)關(guan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)比(bi)(bi)值(zhi)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值(zhi)成(cheng)反(fan)(fan)比(bi)(bi)關(guan)系(xi)，因此偏轉角 α反(fan)(fan)映(ying)了被(bei)測(ce)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值(zhi)的(de)大小
2.晶體管式絕緣電阻(zu)測試儀
晶體(ti)管絕緣電(dian)阻表采(cai)用干(gan)電(dian)池(chi)供(gong)電(dian)，通(tong)過晶體(ti)管震(zhen)蕩器產生交變(bian)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，經變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器升壓(ya)(ya)及倍壓(ya)(ya)整流后輸出直流高壓(ya)(ya)。
3.數字式絕緣電阻測試(shi)儀
數(shu)字式絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)阻(zu)測試(shi)儀是將直(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)源(yuan)變頻產生直(zhi)(zhi)流高壓，通過(guo)程序控制(zhi)使(shi)各種絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)測試(shi)可由菜單選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)自動進行。其測量電(dian)壓大多可在500V到5000V內選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)，試(shi)驗電(dian)流為2mA和5mA等，測試(shi)范圍比手(shou)搖式絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)阻(zu)表廣，顯示(shi)直(zhi)(zhi)觀準確，大容量設備(bei)常需(xu)要(yao)進行吸收比或極化指數(shu)試(shi)驗，采用數(shu)字式絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)阻(zu)測試(shi)儀測量較其他結構(gou)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)阻(zu)表簡單易行，因此目前在電(dian)力(li)系統(tong)廣泛應用
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